The vaccine candidate is designed to stimulate SARS-CoV 2 specific T-cells. Credit: PIRO4D on Pixabay.

ImmunityBio has reported positive study results for its novel vaccine candidate, hAd5-COVID-19, which showed memory T-cell recall from patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, a virus that causes Covid-19.

The human adenovirus 5 vaccine candidate, which has been designed to stimulate SARS-CoV 2 specific T-cells, can potentially clear virally infected cells in patients as well as provide protection for the uninfected population.

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ImmunityBio’s novel vaccine candidate targets both the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins (hAd5 S + N) of SARS-CoV-2 to trigger a multi-pronged attack by the immune system.

The study showed that the CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells of patients who were previously infected with Covid-19 recognise SARS-CoV-2 antigens expressed by hAd5 S-Fusion + N-ETSD infected dendritic cells in vitro.

Unlike the vaccine candidates which target S alone, the hAd5 bivalent Covid-19 vaccine stimulates T cell immunity and can potentially provide long-term protection against the virus as the antibodies wane over time.

In addition to this, the vaccine can potentially deliver antigens even in the presence of pre-existing adenovirus immunity which is present in up to 60% of the population.

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Some latest reports indicate that antibodies to S may be less effective due to emergence of new mutations and longevity of the antibody response over time.

ImmunityBio chairman and CEO Patrick Soon-Shiong said: “This study suggests that our vaccine candidate has the potential to both serve as a protective vaccine for the uninfected population, and, potentially, also as a therapeutic to enhance the speed of viral clearance in the newly diagnosed, positively infected patient by T cell clearance of infected cells.”

The preclinical study data showed that the vaccine candidate elicits both T-cell immunity and neutralising antibodies in a murine model.

Last month, ImmunityBio and NantKwest have started dosing in the Phase I trial of the hAd5-COVID-19 vaccine candidate. The study is enrolling 35 healthy adults to evaluate the safety of and reactogenicity the two-dose regimen of the vaccine candidate.